DNS injection allowing bogus certificates, breaking SSL and redirection of traffic to NSA servers.

Once a web browser is redirected, malware can be inserted directly into the users’ computer. However, the government agencies have an added capacity of conducting “ man-on-the-side” attacks that require access to the Internet backbone. It uses a well known hacking technique called “ man-in-the-middle” attacks. This is done so that requests to visit web sites can be intercepted before the legitimate server is contacted, which tricks a web browser into visiting a bogus web site on a government server. In the case of QUANTUMINSERT, for example, the programme relies upon the placement of secret servers across key areas of the Internet backbone.

QUANTUMSMACKDOWN – prevents downloading implants to DoD computers.

QUANTUMCOPPER – file upload/download disruption and corruption.

QUANTUMSKY – denies access to a webpage using RST packet spoofing.

QUANTUMPHANTOM – hijacks an IP address to redirect to a covert infrastructure.

QUANTUMHAND – exploits the computer of a person who logs into Facebook.

QUANTUMDNS – domain name server (DNS) injection and redirection.

QUANTUMSPIM – instant messaging hijacking.

QUANTUMSQUEEL – for injection of MySQL databases.

QUANTUMINSERT – HTML web page redirection to spy agency servers known as FOXACID.

QUANTUMCOOKIE – forces cookies onto target browsers.

QUANTUMBISQUIT – targets that are behind large proxies.

It includes a variety of sub-programmes such as : QUANTUM THEORY is a programme that capitalises on vulnerabilities within applications and networks using a number of hacking techniques. Ruling: IPT rulings in Liberty v Others cases.Ruling: Davis and Others vs The Secretary of State for the Home Department.Data Retention and Investigatory Powers Act 2014.Counter Terrorism and Security Act 2015.Special Envoy on Intelligence and Data Sharing.Interception of Communications Commissioner.Independent Reviewer of Terrorism Legislation.Surveillance and Citizenship Conference.

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